We will introduce the items most frequently used in image restoration and the matters needing attention when using them.
Rubber stamp
When repairing images with Photoshop, the rubber stamp tool is one of the most convenient and commonly used tools. It can easily clone other parts of the image information into areas with pixel damage or pixel loss. In order to create a more natural and perfect repair effect, when using the rubber stamp tool, the options of the rubber stamp tool should be strictly set.
First, when you use the rubber stamp tool to repair the image, you should select the appropriate clone source point. Of course, the clone source point should be free of damage and dust, but more importantly, the pixels of the clone source point should be able to match the pixels around the spot well, otherwise the repaired traces will be too obvious and will affect the overall effect of the image.
Secondly, it is also important to choose the right brush when using the rubber stamp tool. In general dust correction, the radius of the selected brush should be slightly larger than the radius of most spots, so that the spots can be covered in one stroke during the modification process. When choosing the hardness of the brush, on the one hand, it is necessary to ensure that the brush has a good function of covering the damage, on the other hand, it is necessary to ensure that the copied content can be well integrated with the surrounding pixels, so the hardness of the brush should generally be set. Set between 75% and 95%. If the color gradation around the spot to be covered is rich, the hardness of the brush should be set smaller. When the color gradation around the spot is relatively single, the hardness of the brush should be set larger. When setting the distance between brushes, it should generally be set to 1%.
Again, when using the rubber stamp tool, the normal mode is generally selected. At the same time, in order to better cover the spots in the image, the opacity is generally greater than 80%; and in order to facilitate the repair of multi-layer images, it is usually necessary to set the "alignment" and "for all images" in the rubber stamp tool options "Layer", through these options can easily achieve multi-layer image repair work.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the image should be enlarged before correction, usually to the point where the pixels of the image or the jagged edges of the image can be clearly seen. In this way, it is easy to judge whether the copied part can integrate well with the surrounding parts during the repair process.
"Dust and scratches" filter
The "dust and scratch" filter can find defects in the image, and then reduce the dust and wear in the image by fusing the pixels around the defect, especially suitable for the situation where the damaged part has a strong contrast with the background image, such as dark (or bright) ) Very bright (or very dark) damage on the background.
When using the "dust and scratch" filter, you should first select the area to be corrected, or copy the area to be corrected to a new layer, and then change the radius value in the "dust and scratch" filter panel and Threshold value to eliminate dust defects in the image.
The radius option in the "Dust and Scratches" filter dialog box is used to set the size of the pixel range that can be defined as a defect, with a value ranging from 1 to 100. The larger the radius value setting, the wider the pixel range for defect fusion when using this filter, and the narrower the pixel range for defect fusion. The size of the radius value generally depends on the resolution and damage radius of the image. When the resolution of the image is larger or the damage radius in the image is larger, a larger radius value should be set, otherwise the smaller Some radius values. As shown in Figure 2, use the "dust and scratch" filter to correct the gray background of the image. When the radius is set to 10 and the threshold is set to 10, due to the larger damage radius in the image background, the image is still There are obvious damage and spots; when the threshold is unchanged and the radius is set to 30, the damage and spots in the image background are improved to a large extent; and when the threshold is unchanged and the radius is set to 50, the image background The improvement effect is better.
The Threshold option in the "Dust and Scratch" filter dialog box is used to set the degree of pixel difference in the defect area that can be detected, and the value range is 0 to 255. When the threshold is 0, all pixels in the selection or image will be detected, and all will be considered as defects. When the threshold is 255, there are almost no pixels detected in the selection or image, and the "dust and scratch" filter has almost no correction effect on the image. Therefore, when the contrast between the defect and the surrounding pixels is large, the threshold should be set smaller, so that the defect can merge more surrounding pixels, thereby reducing the contrast between the defect and the surrounding pixels to a greater extent; otherwise, the threshold should be set larger . Usually the threshold is set between 0 and 128. As shown in Figure 3, when the radius is 50, the smaller the threshold value, the stronger the filter's softening effect on the image background details. When the threshold value is set to 5, the image background has a better correction effect.
In general, when using the "dust and scratch" filter, you should first determine the appropriate radius value according to the resolution and damage radius of the image, and then set a better threshold under the determined radius value. In this way, on the one hand, the original defects of the image can be improved to a large extent, and on the other hand, the original style of the image can be maintained as much as possible.
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