The global printing machinery industry has experienced remarkable advancements since the 1980s, evolving through three major developmental stages over more than two decades. Each phase brought significant improvements in speed, automation, and efficiency, reshaping the landscape of the printing world.
In the first stage, from the early 1980s to the early 1990s, offset printing technology reached its peak. This era saw a surge in manufacturers worldwide, with key players like Heidelberg, Manroland, KBA, Komori, and others dominating the market. During this time, sheet-fed offset presses could print up to 10,000 sheets per hour, and pre-adjustment times for four-color machines typically lasted around two hours. Automation was primarily focused on functions such as automatic paper feeding, ink control, and registration. Most manufacturers also had the capability to produce four-color presses and mechanisms for double-sided printing.
The second stage spanned from the early 1990s to the end of the 20th century. With the introduction of new-generation sheet-fed offset presses, the industry took a major leap forward. Companies like Heidelberg, Manroland, and Komori introduced models that significantly increased printing speeds, reaching up to 15,000 prints per hour. Pre-adjustment times were cut down to about 15 minutes, and automation levels improved dramatically, enhancing both efficiency and productivity.
Entering the 21st century marked the third development stage. While some presses now reach speeds of up to 18,000 prints per hour, manufacturers have shifted focus from maximizing speed to improving production efficiency through digital integration. Technologies such as networking, digital workflows, and management systems are now central to modern printing machinery. Systems like Heidelberg’s CP2000, Manroland’s PECOM, and Komori’s DoNet offer comprehensive automation, including online data transmission and fault diagnostics.
Digital presses have also gained traction, with models like Komori’s Lithrone S40D and Heidelberg’s SM74DI offering advanced features. Additionally, multi-color presses with online finishing capabilities are increasingly challenging the traditional web printing market, meeting growing demand for high-quality color prints.
According to EUMAPRINT, global sales of printing machinery declined in 2002 due to economic downturns, with major markets like Germany, the U.S., and Italy experiencing drops. However, China and Russia showed growth, with China becoming a key market for global manufacturers. In 2001, Germany remained the top producer, followed by Japan, the U.S., the UK, and Italy. By 2003, despite a decline in output value, Germany still led the global market with a 30% share and an 80% export rate.
China became the second-largest export market for German printing machinery, while the U.S. remained the largest importer. As the industry continues to evolve, the focus on innovation, automation, and digital integration will remain crucial in shaping the future of printing technology.
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