Traditional proofing
Proofing in the traditional sense is to print proofing proofs through a proofing machine. Because its application principle is the same as printing, customers generally think that the effects of traditional proofing can be shown in actual printing. In fact, the commonly used proofing machine adopts the mechanical principle of circular flattening, left and right reciprocating motion and the process of wet pressing and drying, and the dot increase rate is small. The printing machine uses the mechanical principle of circular pressing and rotating motion and the process of wet pressing and wet pressing. The dot increase rate is larger than that of proofing. Proofing machine and printing machine are very different in mechanical structure, printing method and printing speed. Although the proofing staff will make a series of adjustments according to the printing situation, such as adjusting the mechanical pressure, reasonable selection of raw materials (using the same plate, paper and ink as printing), standardizing operating procedures, using the same color sequence as printing, using The same printing process as printing, etc., to minimize errors in proofing and printing, but this requires a lot of effort, and requires the operator to have skilled skills and rich experience.
Digital proofing
With the development of computer technology and digital technology, digital proofing came into being. Digital proofing is to output the page (or printed sheet) data produced by the color desktop system without any form of simulation means, and directly output the sample sheet through a color printer (inkjet, laser or other methods) to check the image page quality of the pre-press process. Provide reference samples for the printing process and provide customers with a basis for signing and printing.
Compared with traditional proofing, digital proofing has the following advantages.
(1) The color difference between digital proofing and printing in the entire color space is smaller than that between traditional proofing and printing. In the actual use of digital proofs, printing press operators generally find it easier to simulate.
(2) Fast speed, stable quality, strong repeatability and low cost.
(3) The equipment investment is small, the floor space is small, and the environmental requirements are low.
(4) Save human resources, reduce costs, and rely less on operator experience.
(5) Wide adaptability, especially suitable for CTP, gravure printing and flexographic printing and other processes that can not be proofed or difficult to proof. It can not only simulate the effects of various printing methods, but also can be combined with digital equipment such as CTP and digital printing machines to truly realize the automated workflow.
The first technology of digital proofing is to use color management software to make the output samples reproduce the matching print proofs, including paper, ink and printability, and other aspects of matching and similarity; followed by the stability and consistency of digital proofing , That is to ensure that the proofs output at different times are the same; the third is that the cost of digital proofing cannot exceed the cost of traditional proofing.
After several years of development, the output printer hardware performance of the digital proofing system and the supporting digital proofing color management system have been significantly improved, the accuracy and stability of the color have been greatly improved, and the cost is continuously decreasing. Digital proofing technology is gradually popularized in the field of prepress in China.
Remote proofing
With the development of digital proofing technology, network technology and PDF file applications, remote proofing technology has gradually begun to be used. Remote proofing is a workflow between printing companies, production companies and customers. The previous approach had to rely on manual delivery of digital proofs for confirmation. Printing cycles and labor costs were a problem, and a lot of time was wasted on the road. When using remote proofing, you only need to transfer the PDF file data through the network, and then use the same digital proofing machine and measuring instrument to output and check the proofing.
The key technology of remote proofing is the development of network technology and remote proofing color management technology. As the network transmission speed becomes faster and faster, using the network to transmit data can enable many people to check and check the same sample at the same time and in different locations, without causing work problems due to their different geographical locations. Delay. At the same time, the design and production company can check the color of the work before the printing factory produces the real proof through remote digital proofing, which helps the designer create a truly perfect design plan. With the transformation of printing technology to the digital age and the development of print production and services in different places and globalization, the importance and advantages of remote proofing will continue to be recognized by the industry.
Screen soft proofing
With the continuous development and improvement of display technology and color management technology, screen soft proofing technology has become increasingly mature and has been applied in the industry. "What you see is what you get" is becoming a reality step by step.
Soft proofing refers to the display-based proofing technology that displays the printing effect. The above-mentioned traditional proofing, digital proofing and remote proofing are all called hard proofing. The obtained proofs are paper, and the soft proofs are based on the screen. The image has the characteristics of "visible and untouchable". Because of such a feature, screen soft proofing is also called virtual proofing.
The screen-based soft proofing technology of the display is suitable for digital and network environments, and has the characteristics of high speed and low operating cost. In addition, the continuous improvement and improvement of color management technology and display technology will become an important proofing method in the future.
The soft proofing technology of the screen that directly outputs the digital page through the display of the display, because it is fast, low cost, and does not need to make a hard proofing proof, it is very in line with the requirements of remote proofing. However, this proofing method is based on the additive color system of the screen display (R, G, B additive color display). It is very different from the actual printed matter in terms of display principle, color gamut and materials. The printing is adopted Subtractive color system (C, M, Y subtractive color printing). Therefore, "samples = printed matter" has huge technical difficulties.
A high-quality, high-reliability and high-stability display is the prerequisite for screen soft proofing technology. The SWOP certification system has certified several monitors according to ISO12464: 2004, which can meet the needs of its quality, reliability and stability. After the calibration of the screen soft proofing software, the color difference can meet the demand.
Color management technology is the guarantee of screen soft proofing. At present, there are several screen soft proofing softwares in the world. Advanced technology can be used to ensure the accuracy of color management of the system. At the same time, it has a comment function, which further reduces the transmission time. May be handed over to customers.
The environmental conditions for soft proofing of the screen also require special attention. Among them, the standard light source for observation is very important. Generally, a lamp tube with a color temperature of D50 or D65, a color rendering index> 90%, and an illuminance = (1000 ± 500) lux is used. The observation angle should be 0 ° / 45 °.
However, even if all of the above problems can be solved very well, the display is based on the display principle of the additive color method of the luminous body, and the printed principle is the display principle of the subtractive color method of the non-luminous body. Observations produce different feelings, which can also lead to errors in evaluating the consistency of the two. In addition, the difference in "texture" between the display and the paper may be the most difficult for customers to accept.
summary
Traditional proofing, digital proofing, remote proofing and screen soft proofing are all applied in the industry today. Nowadays, there are fewer and fewer traditional proofs, but traditional metal proofing also has its advantages when it comes to metallic, fluorescent and saturated spot color proofing. Digital hard proofing is the common feature of digital proofing and remote proofing and screen soft proofing that meets the requirements of the digital, network era, computer integrated production and open environment, and these two proofing technologies are complementary in most technical indicators. The outstanding advantages of hard proofing are most likely to be completely consistent with the actual printed products, which can meet the requirements of different professional printing categories. The outstanding advantages of soft proofing on the screen are fast (can achieve online real-time proofing), and low cost (no need to use consumables and other auxiliary device). Therefore, these two proofing methods have their own advantages, complement each other, and will share the proofing market together in the digital age.
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