A CO₂ incubator is designed to create an environment that closely mimics the conditions found inside a living organism, making it ideal for in vitro cell and tissue culture. It maintains a stable temperature of 37°C, which is the typical body temperature for human cells. The incubator also regulates the CO₂ level at around 5%, which helps maintain the proper pH balance in the culture medium. The pH is usually kept within a narrow range of 7.2 to 7.4, ensuring optimal conditions for cell growth. Additionally, the incubator provides a high level of relative humidity—typically over 95%—to prevent the culture from drying out. These controlled environmental factors are essential for supporting healthy cell proliferation and maintaining the integrity of tissue cultures. By replicating these physiological conditions, the CO₂ incubator plays a critical role in biomedical research, drug testing, and cellular studies.
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